What To Know About Hidradenitis Suppurativa

By McLean & Potomac Dermatology | Skin Tips 2024

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin condition that affects approximately 1-4% of the population, causing painful lumps under the skin. HS primarily occurs in areas where skin rubs together, such as the armpits, groin, buttocks, and under the breasts. Furthermore, this debilitating condition can significantly impact a person’s quality of life due to pain, discomfort, and potential scarring. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and available management strategies is crucial for those affected by HS.

Symptoms of Hidradenitis Suppurativa

The symptoms of HS typically begin with small, pea-sized lumps under the skin, which can gradually become larger and more painful over time. These lumps may progress to form abscesses that can rupture and drain foul-smelling fluid. Moreover, chronic inflammation can lead to the formation of tunnels under the skin. The abscesses are subsequently connected, which potentially causes widespread inflammation and scarring. The scarring associated with HS can be disfiguring and affect mobility, especially in severe cases.

Causes of Hidradenitis Suppurativa

While the exact cause of HS remains unclear, several factors are believed to contribute to its development:

1. Obstruction of Hair Follicles: Hair follicles become blocked, leading to inflammation and the formation of abscesses.
2. Genetic Predisposition: HS often runs in families, suggesting a genetic component to the condition.
3. Hormonal Factors: Hormonal changes, particularly fluctuations in androgen levels, may trigger or worsen symptoms of HS.
4. Immune System Dysfunction: Abnormalities in the immune response to bacterial colonization in hair follicles and sweat glands may play a role in the development of HS.

Management

Managing HS requires a multidisciplinary approach tailored to the severity of symptoms and individual patient needs. Effective management strategies include:

1. Medications: Topical and oral antibiotics, as well as anti-inflammatory medications, are commonly used to reduce irritation, prevent infections, and manage pain associated with HS.
2. Lifestyle Modifications: Avoiding tight clothing, maintaining a healthy weight, and practicing good hygiene are essential in managing symptoms and diminish flare-ups.
3. Surgical Interventions: In severe cases of HS, surgical procedures such as drainage of abscesses, laser therapy, or surgical removal of affected areas may be necessary.
4. Biologic Therapies: For patients with moderate to severe HS that does not respond well to other treatments, biologic medications are a great alternative. They target specific pathways in the immune system, and can be prescribed to control inflammation and reduce symptoms.

All in all, hidradenitis suppurativa is a challenging condition that requires ongoing management and care. If you’re experiencing symptoms like painful lumps or abscesses under the skin, it’s crucial to seek advice from a dermatologist. Most importantly, with proper diagnosis and personalized treatment, individuals with HS can manage challenging symptoms and improve quality of life. For expert guidance tailored to your needs, contact McLean and Potomac Dermatology to schedule a consultation with a provider.

To book an appointment with a skin expert at our McLean or Potomac location, text 703-215-2139!